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Författare Ämne: Arendatorer of Prestgarden  (läst 960 gånger)

2008-02-15, 16:49
läst 960 gånger

Bill Gustavson

Can someone explain how tenants of a rectory/vicerage lived?  Was there a seperate house for them?  Were there a house for each family or did they all live in one house?  How did the tenants pay rent?  Did they work for the church to pay rent or did they have jobs like anyone else would, i.e farmer, store owner etc..?  Was the rectory located on the parish grounds or somewhere else? Sorry for so many questions?
Bill

2008-02-16, 03:45
Svar #1

Utloggad Ingela Martenius

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The Vicarage (Prästgården) was (still is) located near the parish church, on land that belonged to the church. In the Vicarage lived the vicar, his family and servants, and most often also an assistant priest (curate). The vicar was paid in two ways: tithing (the parish vicar had 1/3 of the tithing, the rest went to the bishop, to the parish church and to the parish poor) and renting out land belonging to the vicarage.
Some land was kept for the vicarage, a home farm: its produce was for the vicarage household. Some clergymen ran the home farm themselves (with the aid of farmhands of course), others rented out also this land but usually on other terms than the rest of the land. In some cases, there was only the home farm, no other land and thus sometimes no tenants.
 
The rest of the land was let to one or several tenants. Each tenant had a house of his own. Depending on the sort of lease they paid in different ways: if the vicarage tenant is designated åbo or landbo he paid cash - or usually its equivalent value in produce (even taxes were paid in produce like butter, cheese and flax so there were fixed values on these commodities). Actual cash money was - rightly - looked on with distrust.
If the tenant is designated torpare he paid by working (himself and his family) a set number of days for the vicar; usually at the home farm but also with any other work the vicar wanted done (cutting down trees, transporting home farm produce to market etc. - normal work for any farmer).
 
So the vicarage tenants were exactly like any other tenant farmers. The vicar acted like any other landowner (except that he of course didn't actually own the land) and lived partly off the rents paid. However, livings in Sweden were usually not very lucrative...
A significant number of clergymen hailed from farmers, so they usually knew quite a bit about farming.
 
BTW, there was only a very limited number of occupations in a country parish: you could be a farmer, a smith, a tailor, a shoemaker, a soldier or belong to the general work-pool of farmhands. That's it really (well, except for the vicar, the sacristan and the policeman - and sometimes a schoolmaster). Women could be midwives. You could not have a store or any other craft than smithing, tailoring and shoemaking, and the number of craftsmen in each parish was regulated by the parish council - you couldn't just set up as a smith because you thought that would be a good idea, you had to have permission from the parish council. Everything but the above was forbidden by law until the mid 19th century. The countryside was for farming. The towns were for trading and making things.
 
Ingela

2008-02-16, 09:05
Svar #2

Utloggad Karin Ekeroth

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Tack Ingela för dina uttömmande svar! Det är verkligen intressant att läsa dem, och jag lär mig mycket historia.
 
mvh, Karin

2008-02-16, 18:40
Svar #3

Utloggad Ingela Martenius

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Roligt att höra, Karin!
 
Ingela

2008-02-17, 03:51
Svar #4

Bill Gustavson

Thanks Ingela!
That clears up a few questions and helps me better understand Swedish life during that time period.  One question, would the household examinations state what the family or tenants did for the vicar?  Sometimes I don't see an occupation (or maybe I do and can't translate) for either the household ead or wife nor heir fammily.
Bill

2008-02-17, 19:55
Svar #5

Utloggad Gunilla Brolund

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Hej Ingela,
 
Även jag finner det mycket intressant, och jag skulle vilja lära mig mer om livet förr. Känner du till några bra böcker (ju fler desto bättre), där man kan lära sig om detta?
 
Tackar på förhand!
 
Hälsningar,
Gunilla Sandström

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